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different questions

  • 1 различный

    прил.
    Значения русского многозначного прилагательного различный указывают как на несходство объектов, так и на их разнообразие. В английском языке эти два аспекта передаются разными словами.
    1. different — различный, разный, непохожий; не такой, как (different определяет любое исчисляемое или неисчисляемое существительное в единственном и множественном числе и подчеркивает несходство): different questions (problems, opinions) — разные вопросы (проблемы, мнения); to be different from smb. smth — быть не таким, как кто-либо. Что-либо/отличаться от кого-либо, чего-либо; to look at smth from different points of view — смотреть на что-либо с различных точек зрения/судить о чем-либо с различных точек зрения She is so different from all of us. — Она ни на кого из нас не похожа./ Она совсем другая. I know they are twins, but they are so different in everything — in name, in habits, in their ways of life. — Я знаю, что они близнецы, но они очень разные — у них разные имена, разные привычки, они ведут разный образ жизни.
    2. distinct — различный, различающийся, отличающийся: a distinct improvemenl — явное улучшение; a distinct tendency — явная тенденция; a distinct accent — явный акцент/заметный акцент The two dialects are quite distinct. — Эти два диалекта очень различи ются./Эти два диалекта очень отличаются друг от друга. The Indian tea is quite distinct from the Chinese one. — Индийский чай сильно отличается от китайского. You should keep these two ideas distinct. — Надо отличать эти две идеи/ Эти идеи не следует смешивать./Эти идеи различны. They were classified into two distinct groups. — Их определили в две совершенно разные группы. The region's culture is quite distinct from the rest of the country. — Культура этого региона совершенно отличается от культуры остальной страны.
    3. various — различный, разный, разнообразный, отдельный (определяет исчисляемые существительные во множественном числе и подчеркивает разнообразие видов того же класса или той же категории): various forms of transport — разные виды транспорта; various ways of cooking meat — разные способы приготовления мяса; various questions (excuses) — множество разных вопросов (оправданий); various duties многочисленные/разные обязанности; for various reasons — по разным соображениям/по разным причинам There are various ways of improving spelling, but they are not very different. — Есть много способов улучшить орфографию, но между ними нет принципиальной разницы./Есть много способов улучшить орфографию, но они мало чем отличаются. Various people come to see him for various reasons. — Разные люди приходят к нему по разным поводам./Разные люди приходят к нему по разным делам. Не is known under various names. — Он известен под разными именами. We met on various occasions and at various times. — Мы не раз встречались по разным случаям и при разных обстоятельствах. Wе talked about various things. — Мы говорили о том о сем. We lived in various districts of the city. — Мы жили в разных районах города. It happened in various parts of the country. — Подобное происходило в разных частях страны.
    4. diverse — различный, разный, разнообразный, различающийся, расходящийся (неодинаковый, относящийся к разным областям): diverse judgements upon the subject — разные мнения по этому вопросу The newspaper aims at covering a diverse range of issues. — Эта газета стремится освещать разнообразный круг проблем./Эта газета стремится освещать широкий круг проблем. Subjects as diverse as pop music and archeology were discussed. — Обсуждались такие разные темы, как поп-музыка и археология.

    Русско-английский объяснительный словарь > различный

  • 2 Я-52

    ГОВОРИТЬ НА РАЗНЫХ ЯЗЫКАХ VP subj: human (pi) or, occas., collect) (of two or more people or groups) not to understand one another, not to have any basis for mutual understanding (as a result of having markedly different opinions, perspectives, tastes etc)
    X и Y говорят на разных языках = X and Y speak (are speaking) different languages
    X and Y do not speak a common (the same) language X and Y are on different wavelengths X and Y talk (are talking) at cross-purposes.
    (Кавалеров:) Вы ничего не хотите говорить? Вы притворяетесь, что не понимаете меня? Или мы на разных языках говорим? Ну да, конечно, на разных... Вы коммунист, строитель, а я жалкий интеллигент (Олеша 6). (К.:) Don't you want to say something? Are you pretending not to understand me? Or are we speaking different languages? Yes, that's it, different languages. You're a communist, a builder, and I'm just a pathetic intellectual (6a).
    Открывается заседание. Весь смысл происходящего в том, что героиня не понимает, в чем её обвиняют. Судьи и писатели возмущены, почему она отвечает невпопад. На суде встретились два мира, говорящие... на разных языках (Мандельштам 2). The trial begins, and the main point to emerge from the proceedings is that the heroine has not the faintest idea what she is being accused of. Her judges and fellow writers are indignant because her answers bear no relation to the questions she is asked. The trial is an encounter between two different worlds in which the two sides are talking at cross purposes... (2a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Я-52

  • 3 говорить на разных языках

    [VP; subj: human (pi) or, occas., collect]
    =====
    ⇒ (of two or more people or groups) not to understand one another, not to have any basis for mutual understanding (as a result of having markedly different opinions, perspectives, tastes etc):
    - X и Y говорят на разных языках≈ X and Y speak < are speaking> different languages;
    - X and Y do not speak a common < the same> language;
    - X and Y talk < are talking> at crosspurposes.
         ♦ [Кавалеров:] Вы ничего не хотите говорить? Вы притворяетесь, что не понимаете меня? Или мы на разных языках говорим? Ну да, конечно, на разных... Вы коммунист, строитель, а я жалкий интеллигент (Олеша 6). [К.:] Don't you want to say something? Are you pretending not to understand me? Or are we speaking different languages? Yes, that's it, different languages. You're a communist, a builder, and I'm just a pathetic intellectual (6a).
         ♦ Открывается заседание. Весь смысл происходящего в том, что героиня не понимает, в чем её обвиняют. Судьи и писатели возмущены, почему она отвечает невпопад. На суде встретились два мира, говорящие... на разных языках (Мандельштам 2). The trial begins, and the main point to emerge from the proceedings is that the heroine has not the faintest idea what she is being accused of. Her judges and fellow writers are indignant because her answers bear no relation to the questions she is asked. The trial is an encounter between two different worlds in which the two sides are talking at cross purposes... (2a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > говорить на разных языках

  • 4 Ч-184

    ЧТO ЛИ coll (Particle Invar
    1. used to express uncertainty, indecisiveness, hesitation, assumption
    perhaps
    maybe or something or whatever I suppose.
    ...На Западе (мор) удивительным образом задержался как раз на польской и румынской границах. Климат, что ли, там был иной или сыграли роль заградительные кордонные меры, принятые соседними правительствами, но факт тот, что мор дальше не пошёл (Булгаков 10). In the west, it (the plague) halted miraculously exactly on the Polish and Rumanian borders. Perhaps the climate in these countries was different, or perhaps the quarantine established by the neighboring governments had done its job, but the fact remains that the plague had gone no further (10a).
    (Спиридоньевна:) Да где сам-то: дома, видно, нет? (Матрёна:) К священнику, что ли, пошёл - не знаю... (Писем- ский 1). (S.:) And where is he? I see he's not home. (M.:) I don't know....Maybe he's gone to the priest (1a).
    Что она там делает? Гладит, что ли? (Трифонов 4). What was she doing there? Ironing or something? (4a).
    Рассказ, следовательно, о разладе между чистыми устремлениями юности и последующим попаданием, что ли, в плен житейской суете, заставляющей терять эту чистоту... (Олеша 3). The story, it follows, is about the conflict between the pure strivings of youth and the subsequent fall, or whatever, into bondage to a daily routine which forces one to lose that purity... (3a).
    Атуева:)...А вы, говорит, заодно с Кречииским-то, что ли? (Сухово-Кобылин 1). (А.:)...Не says to me, Well, I suppose you and Krechinsky see eye to eye, eh? (1a).
    2. (used in questions, rhet questions, exclamations) used to express doubt, bewilderment, incredulity etc
    or what?
    what? (in limited contexts) what am I (are you etc)...? is that it? (may be translated as part of general context).
    «Откуда угрозыску стало известно, что я в „Орбите" гулял? Следили за мной, что ли?» (Черненок 1). "How did CID find out that I was partying at the Orbit? Were you watching me, or what?" (1a).
    «Вот чудаки! — воскликнул Покисен. — Что же, я вам врать, что ли, буду?» (Федин 1). "What fools!" exclaimed Pokisen. "What, d'you think I'm going to lie to you?" (1a).
    Маша:) Тебя исключают из университета... (Колесов:) Да он (ректор) что, озверел, что ли? (Вампилов 3). (М.:) You're being expelled from the university.... (K.:) What happened, did he (the Provost) go wild, is that it? (3b).
    Но, спрашивается, зачем нам этот мракобес, что, у нас нет своих забот, что ли? (Искандер 4). But, I ask you, what do we want with this obscurantist, don't we have enough troubles of our own? (4a).
    3. ( usu. used with imper
    used to express exhortation
    do (foil. by imper
    why don't you...?;..., will you? (in limited contexts) shall we...?
    «Отсаживай, что ли, нижегородская ворона!» - кричал чужой кучер (Гоголь 3). "Back up, why don't you, you Nizhni Novgorod crow!" shouted the strange coachman (3c).
    (Пепел:) Барон! Идём в трактир... (Барон:) Готов! Ну, прощай, старик... Шельма ты! (Лука:) Всяко бывает, милый... (Пепел (у двери в сени):) Ну, идём, что ли! (Горький 3). (Р:) Baron, come on to the tavern!(В.:) I'm ready! Well, good-by, old man!...You're a rascal! (L.:) There are all sorts of folks, my friend. (P (at the door of the halt):) Well, come on, will you! (3f).
    Так что ж, матушка, по рукам, что ли?» - говорил Чичиков (Гоголь 3). "Well, my dear lady, shall we call it a deal?" Chichikov was saying (3c).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Ч-184

  • 5 что ли

    • ЧТО ЛИ coll
    [Particle; Invar]
    =====
    1. used to express uncertainty, indecisiveness, hesitation, assumption:
    - I suppose.
         ♦...На Западе [мор] удивительным образом задержался как раз на польской и румынской границах. Климат, что ли, там был иной или сыграли роль заградительные кордонные меры, принятые соседними правительствами, но факт тот, что мор дальше не пошёл (Булгаков 10). In the west, it [the plague] halted miraculously exactly on the Polish and Rumanian borders. Pferhaps the climate in these countries was different, or perhaps the quarantine established by the neighboring governments hid done its job, but the fact remains that the plague had gone no further (10a).
         ♦ [Спиридоньевна:] Да где сам-то: дома, видно, нет? [Матрёна:] К священнику, что ли, пошёл - не знаю... (Писемский 1). [S.:] And where is he? I see he's not home. [М.:] I don't know....Maybe he's gone to the priest (1a).
         ♦ Что она там делает? Гладит, что ли? (Трифонов 4). What was she doing there? Ironing or something? (4a).
         ♦ Рассказ, следовательно, о разладе между чистыми устремлениями юности и последующим попаданием, что ли, в плен житейской суете, заставляющей терять эту чистоту... (Олеша 3). The story, it follows, is about the conflict between the pure strivings of youth and the subsequent fall, or whatever, into bondage to a daily routine which forces one to lose that purity... (3a).
         ♦ [Атуева:]...А вы, говорит, заодно с Кречииским-то, что ли? (Сухово-Кобылин 1). [ А.:]... He says to me, Well, I suppose you and Krechinsky see eye to eye, eh? (1a).
    2. [used in questions, rhet questions, exclamations]
    ⇒ used to express doubt, bewilderment, incredulity etc:
    - or what?;
    - what?;
    - [in limited contexts] what am I (are you etc)...?;
    - is that it?;
    - [may be translated as part of general context].
         ♦ "Откуда угрозыску стало известно, что я в "Орбите" гулял? Следили за мной, что ли?" (Чернёнок 1). "How did CID find out that I was partying at the Orbit? Were you watching me, or what?" (1a).
         ♦ "Вот чудаки! - воскликнул Покисен. - Что же, я вам врать, что ли, буду?" (Федин 1). "What fools!" exclaimed Pokisen. "What, d'you think I'm going to lie to you?" (1a).
         ♦ [Маша:] Тебя исключают из университета... [Колесов:] Да он [ректор] что, озверел, что ли? (Вампилов 3). [М.:] You're being expelled from the university.... [K.:] What happened, did he [the Provost] go wild, is that it? (3b).
         ♦ Но, спрашивается, зачем нам этот мракобес, что, у нас нет своих забот, что ли? (Искандер 4). But, I ask you, what do we want with this obscurantist, don't we have enough troubles of our own? (4a).
    3. [usu. used with imper]
    ⇒ used to express exhortation:
    - do [foll by imper];
    - why don't you...?;
    - ..., will you?;
    - [in limited contexts] shall we...?
         ♦ "Отсаживай, что ли, нижегородская ворона!" - кричал чужой кучер (Гоголь 3). "Back up, why don't you, you Nizhni Novgorod crow!" shouted the strange coachman (3c).
         ♦ [Пепел:] Барон! Идём в трактир... [Барон:] Готов! Ну, прощай, старик... Шельма ты! [Лука:] Всяко бывает, милый... [Пепел (у двери в сени):] Ну, идём, что ли! (Горький 3). [R:] Baron, come on to the tavern! [В.:] I'mready! Well, good-by, old man!...You're a rascal! [L.:] There are all sorts of folks, my friend. [P (at the door of the halt):] Well, come on, will you! (3f).
         ♦ "Так что ж, матушка, по рукам, что ли?" - говорил Чичиков (Гоголь 3). "Well, my dear lady, shall we call it a deal?" Chichikov was saying (3c).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > что ли

  • 6 С-258

    ЗАМЕТАТЬ/ЗАМЕСТИ СЛЕДЫ (СЛЕД) (чего) VP subj: human if pfv, often infin with надо, хотеть etc or after чтобы) to hide or destroy evidence of one's involvement in sth. reprehensible
    X заметает следы = X covers (up) his tracks
    X hides his tracks
    X заметает следы Y-a = X covers up the (all) traces of Y.
    В краткий период безначалия... он (Козырь), с изумительною для глуповца ловкостью, перебегал от одной партии к другой, причём так искусно заметал следы свои, что законная власть ни минуты не сомневалась, что Козырь всегда оставался лучшею и солиднейшею поддержкой её (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). In the short period of anarchy...he (Hotspur) switched from one party to another with an adroitness amazing in a Foolovite, covering his tracks so skillfully that the regime in power did not for a moment doubt that Hotspur had always been its best and most solid support (1a).
    Именно с помощью такой анкеты Русанову удалось добиться разводов нескольких женщин, мужья которых находились в заключении по 58-й статье. Уж как эти женщины заметали следы, посылали посылки не от своего имени, не из этого города или вовсе не посылали - в этой анкете слишком строго стоял частокол вопросов, и лгать дальше было нельзя (Солженицын 10). With its (the questionnaire's) help Rusanov had succeeded in making several women divorce their husbands, who were imprisoned under Article 58. However cleverly the women hid their tracks, sent off their parcels under different names and from different towns, or even sent no parcels at all, the net of questions woven by this form was so fine that further lying became impossible (10a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > С-258

  • 7 ситуация

    situation
    • Будет полезно использовать ситуацию1, в которой... - It will be useful to explore the circumstances under which...
    • Будет полезно рассмотреть эту ситуацию с более общей точки зрения. - It will be useful to consider this situation more generally.
    • Бывают сложные ситуации, когда интуиция обманывается. - There are complex situations that baffle the intuition.
    • В большинстве практических ситуаций ничего из этой информации не дано. - In most practical situations, neither of these pieces of information is given.
    • В большинстве практических ситуациях это не важно, потому что... - In most practical cases this is not important since...
    • В менее критических ситуациях возможно (указать и т. п.)... - For less critical cases, it is possible to...
    • В некоторых ситуациях бывает возможно... - In some situations it is possible to...
    • В обычной ситуации ожидалось бы, что... - Normally, it would be expected that...
    • В подобной неопределенной ситуации экспериментатор понимает, что... - In such an uncertain situation, the experimenter realizes that...
    • В подобной ситуации мы могли бы задать два вопроса... - In such a situation, we might ask two questions:...
    • В подобной ситуации необходимо... - In such a situation, it is necessary to...
    • В следующей главе мы упростим ситуацию, рассматривая случай... - In the next chapter we simplify matters by considering the case of...
    • В таких ситуациях кажется малоправдоподобным, что... - In these situations it seems unlikely that...
    • В такой ситуации имеет смысл (вычислить и т. п.)... - In this situation it pays to...
    • В такой ситуации мы часто говорим, что... - In this situation, we often say that...
    • В этой ситуации естественно определить... - In this situation it is natural to define...
    • В этой ситуации мы будем иметь дело... - In this context we shall deal with...
    • В этой ситуации хорошо известно, что... - In this situation it is well known that...
    • Важная ситуация возникает, когда... - An important situation arises when...
    • Во многих ситуациях относительно легко (вычислить и т. п.)... - In many situations it is relatively easy to...
    • Возможна также (и) более сложная ситуация. - A more complicated situation is also possible.
    • Данная ситуация адекватно иллюстрируется... - The situation is adequately illustrated by...
    • Данная ситуация напоминает о... - The situation is reminiscent of...
    • Данная ситуация подобна той, где/ когда... - The situation is similar to that of...
    • И это могло бы создать ситуацию, где... - And this might create the situation where...
    • Идеальная ситуация достигается, когда... - The ideal situation is reached when...
    • Изучение таких ситуаций обеспечивает... - The study of such situations provides...
    • Иногда у нас возникает ситуация, что... - Sometimes we have the situation that...
    • Как мы сейчас увидим, это другая ситуация. - But here the situation is different, as we shall now see.
    • Мы возвращаемся к стандартной ситуации, в которой... - We revert to the standard situation in which...
    • Мы можем взглянуть на эту ситуацию с более общей точки зрения следующим образом. - We can look at this situation in general terms as follows.
    • Мы можем исправить эту ситуацию, предприняв два шага. - We can remedy this situation by taking two steps.
    • Мы промоделируем ситуацию следующим образом. - We model the situation as follows.
    • Мы рассматриваем относительно простую ситуацию, в которой... - We consider a relatively simple situation in which...
    • Мы уже видели в других ситуациях, что... - We have seen in other circumstances that...
    • На самом деле, такая ситуация возникает, потому что... - Effectively, the situation arises because...
    • Обычная ситуация состоит в том, что... - The normal situation is that...
    • Однако бывают ситуации, когда удобно... - There are occasions, however, when it is convenient to...
    • Однако ситуация не всегда так очевидна, как эта. - Things are not always as obvious as this, however.
    • Однако ситуация усложняется, когда... - However, things are less simple when...
    • Особая ситуация осуществляется, если мы... - A special situation results if we...
    • Особенно простой является ситуация, когда... - A particularly simple situation is that in which...
    • Очевидно, что эта ситуация возникает просто потому, что... - It is obvious that this situation arises simply because...
    • Очевидным средством для исправления ситуации здесь является... - The obvious remedy is to...
    • Подобная ситуация возникнет (каждый раз), когда мы рассматриваем... - A similar situation will arise when we discuss...
    • Подобная ситуация существует в случае, когда/где... - A similar situation exists in the case of...
    • Подобные методы могут использоваться в более сложных ситуациях. - Similar methods may be employed in more complicated cases.
    • Простейший пример такой ситуации дается специальным случаем... - The simplest example of such a situation is the special case of...
    • Пытаясь улучшить ситуацию, мы приходим к... - In an attempt to improve on this situation, one is led to...
    • Сегодня ситуация существенно отличается. - The situation is very different today.
    • Ситуация еще менее понятна, если... - The situation is even less clear if...
    • Ситуация меняется, если мы... - The situation changes if we...
    • Ситуация становится проще в случае, когда... - The situation is slightly simpler in the case where...
    • Ситуация улучшается в случае, когда... - The situation is improved in the case of...
    • Физически эта ситуация не очень важна, поскольку... - Physically this situation is not very important, since...
    • Чтобы прояснить ситуацию, мы вводим... - То clarify the situation we introduce...
    • Чтобы справиться с подобной ситуацией, нам необходимо... - In order to handle such a situation, we need to...
    • Чтобы эффективно действовать в подобной ситуации, мы должны... - In order to deal effectively with circumstances of this kind, we must...
    • Эта ситуация лучше всего описывается в сферических координатах. - The situation is best described in spherical coordinates.
    • Эта ситуация может также возникнуть, если... - This situation may also arise if...
    • Эта ситуация настолько обычна, что... - This situation is so common that...
    • Эта ситуация представлена на рис. 4. - This situation is represented by Figure 4.
    • Эта ситуация рассматривается в главах 2 и 3. - This situation is treated in Chapters 2 and 3.
    • Это может упростить ситуацию... - It may simplify matters to...
    • Это не является незнакомой ситуацией (= Это знакомая ситуация). - This is not an unfamiliar situation.
    • Это типичная ситуация. - This is a typical situation.

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > ситуация

  • 8 замести след

    • ЗАМЕТАТЬ/ЗАМЕСТИ СЛЕДЫ < СЛЕД> (чего)
    [VP; subj: human; if pfv, often infin with надо, хотеть etc or after чтобы]
    =====
    ⇒ to hide or destroy evidence of one's involvement in sth. reprehensible:
    - X заметает следы≈ X covers (up) his tracks;
    || X заметает следы Y-a ≈ X covers up the < all> traces of Y.
         ♦ В краткий период безначалия... он [ Козырь], с изумительною для глуповца ловкостью, перебегал от одной партии к другой, причём так искусно заметал следы свои, что законная власть ни минуты не сомневалась, что Козырь всегда оставался лучшею и солиднейшею поддержкой её (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). In the short period of anarchy...he [Hotspur] switched from one party to another with an adroitness amazing in a Foolovite, covering his tracks so skillfully that the regime in power did not for a moment doubt that Hotspur had always been its best and most solid support (1a).
         ♦ Именно с помощью такой анкеты Русанову удалось добиться разводов нескольких женщин, мужья которых находились в заключении по 58-й статье. Уж как эти женщины заметали следы, посылали посылки не от своего имени, не из этого города или вовсе не посылали - в этой анкете слишком строго стоял частокол вопросов, и лгать дальше было нельзя (Солженицын 10). With its [the questionnaire's] help Rusanov had succeeded in making several women divorce their husbands, who were imprisoned under Article 58. However cleverly the women hid their tracks, sent off their parcels under different names and from different towns, or even sent no parcels at all, the net of questions woven by this form was so fine that further lying became impossible (10a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > замести след

  • 9 замести следы

    • ЗАМЕТАТЬ/ЗАМЕСТИ СЛЕДЫ < СЛЕД> (чего)
    [VP; subj: human; if pfv, often infin with надо, хотеть etc or after чтобы]
    =====
    ⇒ to hide or destroy evidence of one's involvement in sth. reprehensible:
    - X заметает следы≈ X covers (up) his tracks;
    || X заметает следы Y-a ≈ X covers up the < all> traces of Y.
         ♦ В краткий период безначалия... он [ Козырь], с изумительною для глуповца ловкостью, перебегал от одной партии к другой, причём так искусно заметал следы свои, что законная власть ни минуты не сомневалась, что Козырь всегда оставался лучшею и солиднейшею поддержкой её (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). In the short period of anarchy...he [Hotspur] switched from one party to another with an adroitness amazing in a Foolovite, covering his tracks so skillfully that the regime in power did not for a moment doubt that Hotspur had always been its best and most solid support (1a).
         ♦ Именно с помощью такой анкеты Русанову удалось добиться разводов нескольких женщин, мужья которых находились в заключении по 58-й статье. Уж как эти женщины заметали следы, посылали посылки не от своего имени, не из этого города или вовсе не посылали - в этой анкете слишком строго стоял частокол вопросов, и лгать дальше было нельзя (Солженицын 10). With its [the questionnaire's] help Rusanov had succeeded in making several women divorce their husbands, who were imprisoned under Article 58. However cleverly the women hid their tracks, sent off their parcels under different names and from different towns, or even sent no parcels at all, the net of questions woven by this form was so fine that further lying became impossible (10a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > замести следы

  • 10 заметать след

    • ЗАМЕТАТЬ/ЗАМЕСТИ СЛЕДЫ < СЛЕД> (чего)
    [VP; subj: human; if pfv, often infin with надо, хотеть etc or after чтобы]
    =====
    ⇒ to hide or destroy evidence of one's involvement in sth. reprehensible:
    - X заметает следы≈ X covers (up) his tracks;
    || X заметает следы Y-a ≈ X covers up the < all> traces of Y.
         ♦ В краткий период безначалия... он [ Козырь], с изумительною для глуповца ловкостью, перебегал от одной партии к другой, причём так искусно заметал следы свои, что законная власть ни минуты не сомневалась, что Козырь всегда оставался лучшею и солиднейшею поддержкой её (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). In the short period of anarchy...he [Hotspur] switched from one party to another with an adroitness amazing in a Foolovite, covering his tracks so skillfully that the regime in power did not for a moment doubt that Hotspur had always been its best and most solid support (1a).
         ♦ Именно с помощью такой анкеты Русанову удалось добиться разводов нескольких женщин, мужья которых находились в заключении по 58-й статье. Уж как эти женщины заметали следы, посылали посылки не от своего имени, не из этого города или вовсе не посылали - в этой анкете слишком строго стоял частокол вопросов, и лгать дальше было нельзя (Солженицын 10). With its [the questionnaire's] help Rusanov had succeeded in making several women divorce their husbands, who were imprisoned under Article 58. However cleverly the women hid their tracks, sent off their parcels under different names and from different towns, or even sent no parcels at all, the net of questions woven by this form was so fine that further lying became impossible (10a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > заметать след

  • 11 заметать следы

    • ЗАМЕТАТЬ/ЗАМЕСТИ СЛЕДЫ < СЛЕД> (чего)
    [VP; subj: human; if pfv, often infin with надо, хотеть etc or after чтобы]
    =====
    ⇒ to hide or destroy evidence of one's involvement in sth. reprehensible:
    - X заметает следы≈ X covers (up) his tracks;
    || X заметает следы Y-a ≈ X covers up the < all> traces of Y.
         ♦ В краткий период безначалия... он [ Козырь], с изумительною для глуповца ловкостью, перебегал от одной партии к другой, причём так искусно заметал следы свои, что законная власть ни минуты не сомневалась, что Козырь всегда оставался лучшею и солиднейшею поддержкой её (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). In the short period of anarchy...he [Hotspur] switched from one party to another with an adroitness amazing in a Foolovite, covering his tracks so skillfully that the regime in power did not for a moment doubt that Hotspur had always been its best and most solid support (1a).
         ♦ Именно с помощью такой анкеты Русанову удалось добиться разводов нескольких женщин, мужья которых находились в заключении по 58-й статье. Уж как эти женщины заметали следы, посылали посылки не от своего имени, не из этого города или вовсе не посылали - в этой анкете слишком строго стоял частокол вопросов, и лгать дальше было нельзя (Солженицын 10). With its [the questionnaire's] help Rusanov had succeeded in making several women divorce their husbands, who were imprisoned under Article 58. However cleverly the women hid their tracks, sent off their parcels under different names and from different towns, or even sent no parcels at all, the net of questions woven by this form was so fine that further lying became impossible (10a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > заметать следы

  • 12 НКУ с устройствами ограничения воздействия внутренней дуги

    1. assembly equipped with devices limiting internal arc effects

     

    НКУ с устройствами ограничения воздействия внутренней дуги
    -
    [Интент]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    Assemblies equipped with devices limiting internal arc effects (active protection)

    A design philosophy which is completely different from that just considered consists in guaranteeing the resistance to internal arcing by installing devices limiting the arc.

    The approaches in that direction can be of two different types:
    • limiting the destructive effects of the arc, once it has occured, by means of arc detectors
    • limiting the destructive effects of the arc, once it has occured, by means of overpressure detectors.

    The first possibility consists in installing in the assembly arc detectors which sense the light flux associated with the electric arc phenomenon.

    Once the arc has been detected, these devices send an opening signal to the incoming circuit-breaker, thus guaranteeing tripping times of the order of 1-2 ms, therefore shorter than those proper of the circuit-breaker.

    The operating logic of an arc detector is the following: the occurrence of an arc inside the switchboard is detected by the arc detector because an intense light radiation is associated with this phenomenon.

    The arcing control system detects the event and sends a tripping signal to the circuit-breaker.

    All the above with trip times of a few milliseconds and supplanting the tripping of the CB overcurrent relay which, for example, could be delayed due to current selectivity questions.

    Figure 1 shows the possible positions where this device can be installed inside a switchboard.

    The ideal solution is that which provides the installation of at least one detector for each column, with the consequent reduction to a minimum of the length of the optical fibers carrying the signal.

    In order to prevent from an unwanted tripping caused by light sources indepent of the arc (lamps, solar radiation etc.), an additional current sensor is often positioned at the incoming of the main circuit-breaker.

    Only in the event of an arc, both the incoming sensor which detects an “anomalous” current due to the arc fault as well as the sensor detecting the light radiation as sociated with the arc enable the system to intervene and allow the consequent opening of the circuit-breaker.

    The second possibility consists in installing overpressure sensors inside the switchboard.

    As previously described, the overpressure wave is one of the other effects occurring inside an assembly in case of arcing.

    As a consequence it is possible to install some pressure sensors which are able to signal the pressure peak associated with the arc ignition with a delay of about 10-15 ms.

    The signal operates on the supply circuit-breaker without waiting for the trip times of the selectivity protections to elapse, which are necessarily longer.

    Such a system does not need any electronic processing device, since it acts directly on the tripping coil of the supply circuit-breaker.

    Obviously it is essential that the device is set at fixed trip thresholds.

    When an established internal overpressure is reached, the arc detector intervenes.

    However, it is not easy to define in advance the value of overpressure generated by an arc fault inside a switchboard.
    [ABB]

    НКУ с устройствами ограничения воздействия внутренней дуги (активная защита)

    Для решения этой задачи используются совершенно другие, отличающиеся от ранее рассмотренных, принципы, заключающиеся в том, что противодействие внутренней дуге обеспечивается применением устройств, ограничивающих саму дугу.

    Существует два типа решения проблемы в этом направлении:
    • ограничение разрушающего воздействия дуги после того, как ее обнаружат специальные устройства
    • ограничение разрушающего воздействия дуги после того, как специальные устройства обнаружат возникновение избыточного давления.

    В первом случае в НКУ устанавливают устройства обнаружения дуги, реагирующие на световой поток, сопровождающий явление электрической дуги.

    При обнаружении дуги данные устройства посылают сигнал управления на размыкание вводного автоматического выключателя. Гарантируемое время реакции составляет 1-2 мс, что меньше времени срабатывания автоматического выключателя.

    Логика работы устройства обнаружения дуги следующая: Дуга, возникшая внутри НКУ, обнаруживается датчиком, реагирующим на интенсивное световое излучение, которым сопровождается горение дуги.

    Обнаружив дугу, система управления посылает сигнал автоматическому выключателю.

    Время срабатывания датчика и системы управления составляет несколько миллисекунд, что меньше времени срабатывания автоматического выключателя, осуществляющего защиту от сверхтока, который обычно для обеспечения требуемой селективности срабатывает с задержкой.

    На рис. 1 показаны места возможной установки устройства защиты внутри НКУ.

    Идеальным решением является установка, по крайней мере, одного устройства защиты в каждый шкаф многошкафного НКУ.

    Это позволит до минимума сократить длину оптоволоконных кабелей передачи сигнала.

    Для предотвращения ложного срабатывания от других источников света (т. е. не от дуги), например, таких как лампы, солнечное излучение и т. п., дополнительно в главной цепи вводного автоматического выключателя устанавливают датчик тока.

    Только при наличии двух событий, а именно: срабатывания датчика света и обнаружения аномального увеличения тока, система управления считает, что возникла электрическая дуга и подает команду на отключение вводного автоматического выключателя.

    Второе решение заключается в установке внутри НКУ датчика избыточного давления.

    Как было описано ранее, одним из характерных проявлений электрической дуги, возникшей внутри НКУ, является ударная волна.

    Это означает, что можно установить несколько датчиков давления, задачей которых является обнаружение импульса давления (с задержкой 10…15 мс), обусловленного зажиганием дуги.

    Сигнал от датчиков давления поступает на вводной автоматический выключатель, который срабатывает без задержки на обеспечение селективности.

    Такая система не нуждается в электронном устройстве обработки информации, поскольку воздействует непосредственно на независимый расцепитель автоматического выключателя.

    Вполне понятно, что такое устройство имеет фиксированный порог срабатывания.

    Датчик-реле дуги сработает, как только будет достигнуто заданное значение избыточного давления.

    Следует иметь в виду, что не так легко заранее определить значение избыточного давления, которое будет создано при зажигании дуги внутри НКУ.
    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    • НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > НКУ с устройствами ограничения воздействия внутренней дуги

  • 13 адресовать вопросы

    адресовать вопросы — (To) address questions (related to anti-tumor immunity and cell viability, two different experimental approaches were used: (i).... and (ii)...).

    Русско-английский словарь биологических терминов > адресовать вопросы

  • 14 обычно

    •

    Liquid diffraction patterns characteristically show one or two maxima that correspond to...

    •

    The great majority of routinely detected events can be classified as earthquakes.

    •

    The receptacle is conventionally 2-wire, 120-volt, 15-ampere.

    •

    This inert phase is normally a gel structure.

    •

    Engineering practice is to express quantities in lb/h.

    •

    Group I members tend to have relatively few nucleosides of this sort.

    •

    Such lasers typically generate pulses of 5—10 ns duration.

    •

    Traditionally, the residual bottoms have been blended with lighter stocks.

    •

    It is usual to check the... level whenever there is any doubt.

    •

    In this application it is common (or usual) to employ...

    •

    It is common for metabolic pathways to exhibit some form of cyclic pattern.

    •

    The atomic weight is commonly called the mass number.

    •

    The commonly used gases are seldom pure enough for use with these sensitive detectors.

    •

    The head gain is customarily measured in inches of water.

    •

    It is customary to install a pump having two or three stages.

    •

    The factor is generally taken to be equal to unity.

    •

    A field lens is generally placed behind the reticle.

    •

    Floating roof tanks are normally employed for prevention of loss through evaporation.

    •

    The temperature at this point is ordinarily the same as that of the forward cylinder section.

    •

    Where it is suspected that... it is the practice (or custom) to steam out the coils.

    •

    The sensitivity for detection is typically (or usually, or generally, or commonly, or as a rule) five times as great as...

    •

    In designing such packed columns, it is common (or general) practice to assume "piston", or "plug" flow.

    •

    The regions of strongest divergence tend to be found over the subtropical regions.

    •

    Many plant breeders make a practice of having different batches of seed treated with gamma rays, neutrons and one chemical mutagen.

    •

    The usual way to stop the intrusion has been to drill... (геол.).

    II

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > обычно

  • 15 Ч-59

    НИ С ЧЕМ coll PrepP Invar
    1. остаться, оставить кого \Ч-59 ( subj-compl with остаться (subj: human or obj-compl with оставить ( obj: human)) (to end up or leave s.o.) without any money or means of subsistence: (be left (leave s.o. » with nothing
    (leave s.o.) nothing (be left (leave s.o.)) penniless.
    (Анна Петровна:) Как бы папенька-то твой не мотал без памяти, так бы другое дело было, а то оставил нас почти ни с чем (Островский 1). (А.Р:) If only your papa hadn't spent his money like water, then everything'd be different. As it is, he left us almost nothing at all (1a).
    2. остаться, уйти, уехать, вернуться и т. п. \Ч-59 ( subj-compl with остаться etc (subj: human
    more often used with pfv verbs) (to end up, go away, come back etc) without what one had hoped to attain, not having achieved the desired results
    with nothing
    empty-handed (be left) high and dry without having achieved (accomplished) anything (in limited contexts) nothing comes out of it.
    Приходил, чтобы поговорить о хозяйстве, потолковать. Ушбл ни с чем (Пильняк 1). Не came to have a word about the housekeeping, to have a chat. He went away with nothing (1a).
    Были скромно, даже бедно одетые люди, которые внезапно для меня получали два бесплатных места в четвертом ряду, и были какие-то хорошо одетые, которые уходили ни с чем (Булгаков 12). There were people who were modestly, even poorly dressed who to my amazement were suddenly given two free tickets in the fourth row and there were some well-dressed ones who went out empty-handed (12a).
    Барышников забрала милиция, и Сударь, приехав в субботу к условленному месту, остался ни с чем (Семёнов 1)....The police rounded up the middlemen and Squire, arriving at his customary spot, was left high and dry (1a).
    ...(Майор Бадьин) стал задавать профессору вопросы о Лопаткине и Наде. Он получил жёсткий ответ: «...Позвольте мне не сообщать вам ничего»... Так Бадьин и ушёл ни с чем (Дудинцев 1)....(Major Badyin) began asking the professor questions about Lopatkin and Nadia. He received a fierce reply: "...Permit me not to answer you."...And Badyin left without having achieved anything (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Ч-59

  • 16 увидеть

    (= видеть) see, observe, lay eyes on
    • В главе 3 мы увидим другое обобщение той же самой основной идеи. - In Chapter 3 we shall meet another generalization of the same basic idea.
    • В самом деле, позднее мы увидим, что... - As a matter of fact, we will see later that...
    • В следующей главе мы увидим, что... - We shall see in the next chapter that...
    • В частности, позднее мы увидим, что... - In particular, we shall see later that...
    • Вскоре мы увидим, что... - We shall see shortly that...
    • Далее, трудно увидеть, как... - It is difficult to see, then, how...
    • Действительно, мы увидим, что... - Actually we shall see that...
    • Довольно просто увидеть, что... - It is fairly easy to see that...
    • Из геометрических соображений можно легко увидеть, что... - It is easily seen geometrically that...
    • К сожалению, как мы увидим, данная теория не предсказывает... - Unfortunately, as we shall see, the theory does not predict...
    • Как мы увидим в следующем параграфе, это не простое совпадение. - This is not a coincidence, as we will see in the next section.
    • Как мы увидим дальше... - As we shall see later,...
    • Как мы увидим из дальнейшего, данная теорема является основой для... - This theorem, as we shall see, is the basis of...
    • Как мы увидим позднее,... - As will be seen later,...
    • Можно легко увидеть причину такой зависимости. - One can easily see the reason for this dependence.
    • Мы немедленно увидим, что... - It will be seen at once that...
    • Мы увидим позже, что... - It will be seen later that...
    • Мы увидим, что возможно (преобразовать и т. п.)... - We shall find it possible to...
    • Мы увидим, что данное исследование применимо также в случае... - It will be observed that this investigation applies also to the case of...
    • Мы увидим, что данные вопросы тесно взаимосвязаны. - We shall see that these questions are closely related.
    • Мы увидим, что эти методы могут использоваться лишь тогда, когда... - It will be observed that these methods are only applicable when...
    • Мы увидим, что эти условия могут быть выполнены при использовании... - We shall see that these conditions can be met using...
    • Мы увидим, что это пример (чего-л). - We shall see that this is an example of...
    • Не требуется много усилий для того, чтобы увидеть, что... - It does not require much reflection to see that...
    • Однако мы увидим, что... - However, we shall discover that...
    • Однако, как мы сейчас увидим, это другая ситуация. - But here the situation is different, as we shall now see.
    • Оказывается, Смит [1] был первым, кто увидел, что... - It appears that Smith [1] was the first to recognize that...; Smith [1] appears to be the first to have recognized that...
    • Справедливость того же результата можно увидеть геометрически. - The same result can be seen geometrically.
    • Теперь мы могли бы легко увидеть, что... - Now we may easily see that...
    • Трудно увидеть, как эти различия могли бы возникнуть из (чего-л). - It is difficult to see how these differences could arise from...
    • Умелый исследователь быстро увидит, что... - The skilled investigator will quickly see that...
    • Читатель с хорошей подготовкой немедленно увидит, что... - The knowledgeable reader will see at once that...
    • Читатель увидит, как можно использовать высшую математику в... - The reader will see how ordinary calculus can be applied to...
    • Чтобы доказать эту теорему, недостаточно увидеть, что... - То prove this theorem it is not enough to observe that...
    • Чтобы понять это, достаточно рассмотреть... - То see this, it suffices to consider...
    • Чтобы увидеть это более детально, отметим, что... - То see this in greater detail, let us note that...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > увидеть

  • 17 ни с чем

    • НИ С ЧЕМ coll
    [PrepP; Invar]
    =====
    1. остаться, оставить кого ни с чем [subj-compl with остаться (subj: human) or obj-compl with оставить (obj: human)]
    ⇒ (to end up or leave s.o.) without any money or means of subsistence:
    - (be left <leave s.o.>) with nothing;
    - (leave s.o.) nothing;
    - (be left <leave s.o.>) penniless.
         ♦ [Анна Петровна:] Как бы папенька-то твой не мотал без памяти, так бы другое дело было, а то оставил нас почти ни с чем (Островский 1). [А.Р:] If only your papa hadn't spent his money like water, then everything'd be different. As it is, he left us almost nothing at all (1a).
    2. остаться, уйти, уехать, вернуться и т.п. ни с чем [subj-compl with остаться etc (subj: human); more often used with pfv verbs]
    ⇒ (to end up, go away, come back etc) without what one had hoped to attain, not having achieved the desired results:
    - [in limited contexts] nothing comes out of it.
         ♦ Приходил, чтобы поговорить о хозяйстве, потолковать. Ушол ни с чем (Пильняк 1). He came to have a word about the housekeeping, to have a chat. He went away with nothing (1a).
         ♦ Были скромно, даже бедно одетые люди, которые внезапно для меня получали два бесплатных места в четвёртом ряду, и были какие-то хорошо одетые, которые уходили ни с чем (Булгаков 12). There were people who were modestly, even poorly dressed who to my amazement were suddenly given two free tickets in the fourth row and there were some well-dressed ones who went out empty-handed (12a).
         ♦...Барышников забрала милиция, и Сударь, приехав в субботу к условленному месту, остался ни с чем (Семёнов 1)....The police rounded up the middlemen and Squire, arriving at his customary spot, was left high and dry (1a).
         ♦...[Майор Бадьин] стал задавать профессору вопросы о Лопаткине и Наде. Он получил жёсткий ответ: "...Позвольте мне не сообщать вам ничего"... Так Бадьин и ушёл ни с чем (Дудинцев 1)....[Major Badyin] began asking the professor questions about Lopatkin and Nadia. He received a fierce reply: "...Permit me not to answer you."... And Badyin left without having achieved anything (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > ни с чем

  • 18 вопрос

    м.
    1) (обращение, требующее ответа) question

    зада́ть вопро́с — ask / put a question

    вре́мя для вопро́сов и отве́тов (на конференции и т.п.) — questions and answers session; Q&A session

    2) (проблема, предмет обсуждения) question, issue; problem

    вопро́с не в э́том — that is not the question

    вот в чём вопро́с! — that is the question!

    вопро́с (состои́т / заключа́ется) в том, что — the question / problem / point is that; what is at issue is

    э́то ещё вопро́с, согласи́тся ли он — it remains to be seen whether he will agree

    для него́ э́то не вопро́с — it's no problem for him

    вопро́сы, стоя́щие в пове́стке дня — the agenda sg; items on the agenda

    подня́ть вопро́с (о) — raise the issue / question / problem (of)

    изучи́ть вопро́с — study the issue

    э́то совсе́м друго́й вопро́с — that is quite a different matter / issue

    я к вам по ли́чному вопро́су — I have a private business / matter to discuss with you

    к вопро́су о... (в заголовках статей и т.п.) — on the issue of

    3) (рд.; дело, зависящее от чего-л) matter (of), question (of)

    вопро́с вре́мени — question of time

    э́то вопро́с не́скольких мину́т — it's a matter of minutes

    вопро́с че́сти — point of honour

    вопро́с жи́зни и сме́рти — a matter of life and death

    4) разг. ( вопросительный знак) question mark
    ••

    под вопро́сом — undecided; open to question; up in the air

    поста́вить под вопро́с (вн.) — question (d), call in question (d)

    что за вопро́с! — what a question!, of course!

    нет вопро́сов! разг. — no problem, no worries

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > вопрос

  • 19 тянуть

    1) (вн.; тащить) pull (d), draw (d); (о локомотиве и т.п. тж.) haul (d); ( волочить) drag (d); ( что-л тяжёлое) haul (d); (кабель и т.п.) lay (d)

    тяну́ть на букси́ре — tow [təʊ] (d); have (d) in tow

    тяну́ть в ра́зные сто́роны — pull in different directions

    тяну́ть кого́-л за рука́в — pull smb by the sleeve, tug at smb's sleeve

    никто́ его́ си́лой не тяну́л — no one made him go, no one forced him to go (d)

    2) (сов. вы́тянуть) (вн.; вытаскивать) pull (d), draw (d)

    тяну́ть жре́бий — draw lots

    тяну́ть биле́т на экза́мене — draw a questions card at the exam

    3) (вн.; проволоку) draw (d)
    4) (вн.; медленно произносить) drawl (d), drag out (d)

    тяну́ть слова́ — drawl

    тяну́ть но́ту — sustain a note

    тяну́ть пе́сню [мело́дию] — sing a slow song [melody]

    5) (сов. протяну́ть) (вн.; с тв.; медлить) drag out (d), delay (d), protract (d), procrastinate (d)

    тяну́ть с отве́том — delay one's answer

    не тяни́! — quick!; hurry up!

    он тяну́л с э́тим де́лом и упусти́л все возмо́жности — he kept putting it off and missed all the chances

    6) разг. (сов. потяну́ть) (на вн.; весить) weigh (as much as)

    сли́ток потяну́л на пять килогра́ммов — the ingot weighed as much as five kilogram(me)s

    7) разг. (на вн.; соответствовать требованиям или оценке) make the grade (as)

    на манеке́нщицу она́ не тя́нет — she won't make the grade as a model

    бо́льше чем на тро́йку э́тот студе́нт не тя́нет — that student can't get any better marks брит. / grades амер. than fair / satisfactory

    карти́на тя́нет на ты́сячу до́лларов — the picture may be priced as much as a thousand dollars

    8) разг. (сов. потяну́ть) (вн.; выполнять какую-л тяжёлую работу) shoulder the burden (of), carry (d) on one's shoulders

    она́ тя́нет на себе́ всю семью́ — she shoulders the burdens of the family

    он уже́ не тя́нет э́ту рабо́ту — he can't manage the job anymore; he can't hack it anymore sl

    мне э́того уже́ не потяну́ть — I couldn't shoulder such a burden any more

    9) разг. чаще с отрицанием ( делать что-л качественно) be up to scratch [the mark]

    орке́стр стал игра́ть лу́чше, но по-пре́жнему не тя́нет — the orchestra has improved, but it is still not up to scratch

    10) (обладать тягой - о трубе и т.п.) draw
    11) безл. (сов. потяну́ть) (тв.; о струе воздуха, о запахе и т.п.) come, be felt

    тя́нет хо́лодом от о́кон — the cold (air) is coming from the windows, there is a cold draught брит. / draft амер. from the windows

    тя́нет како́й-то дря́нью — there's a foul smell coming from somewhere

    12) разг. (сов. втяну́ть) (вн.; вбирать, всасывать) draw up (d)

    тяну́ть в себя́ во́здух — inhale deeply [draw in] the air

    тяну́ть че́рез соло́минку — suck through a straw (d)

    тяну́ть пи́во разг. — swill beer

    13) разг. (вн. из, с рд.; выпрашивать, вымогать) squeeze (d out of); extort (d from)
    14) безл. (сов. потяну́ть) ( влечь)

    его́ тя́нет (к, + инф.) — he has an inclination (for, + to inf), he has a longing (for); he wants (+ to inf)

    его́ тя́нет в теа́тр — he would like to go to the theatre, he has a longing for the theatre

    его́ тя́нет отсю́да — he longs / wants to get away from here

    его́ тя́нет ко сну — he is sleepy

    его́ тя́нет к рабо́те — he feels like working, he wants to work

    его́ тя́нет домо́й — he longs to go home, he yearns [jɜːnz] / longs for home

    15) (вн.; подтягивать в учёбе и т.п.) pull (d) up, help (d) catch up
    ••

    тяну́ть кого́-л за́ уши (в учёбе) — use every trick in the book ( to make smb study)

    тяну́ть всё ту же пе́сню — go on about smth, harp on the same string

    своя́ но́ша не тя́нет погов. — см. ноша

    тяну́ть за язы́к — см. язык

    тяну́ть рези́ну — см. резина

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > тянуть

  • 20 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    \
    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
    74. Beres, D. (1970) The concept of mental representation in psychoanalysis. IJP, 51.
    75. Berg, M D. (1977) The externalizing transference. IJP, 58.
    76. Bergeret, J. (1985) Reflection on the scientific responsi bilities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Memorandum distributed at 34th IPA Congress, Humburg.
    77. Bergman, A. (1978) From mother to the world outside. In: Grolnick et. al. (1978).
    78. Bergmann, M. S. (1980) On the intrapsychic function of falling in love. PQ, 49.
    79. Berliner, B. (1966) Psychodynamics of the depressive character. Psychoanal. Forum, 1.
    80. Bernfeld, S. (1931) Zur Sublimierungslehre. Imago, 17.
    81. Bibring, E. (1937) On the theory of the therapeutic results of psychoanalysis. IJP, 18.
    82. Bibring, E. (1941) The conception of the repetition compulsion. PQ, 12.
    83. Bibring, E. (1953) The mechanism of depression. In: Affective Disorders, ed. P. Greenacre. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    84. Bibring, E. (1954) Psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies. JAPA, 2.
    85. Binswanger, H. (1963) Positive aspects of the animus. Zьrich: Spring.
    86. Bion Francesca Abingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    87. Bion, W. R. (1952) Croup dynamics. IJP, 33.
    88. Bion, W. R. (1961) Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.
    89. Bion, W. R. (1962) A theory of thinking. IJP, 40.
    90. Bion, W. R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: William Heinemann.
    91. Bion, W. R. (1963) Elements of Psychoanalysis. London: William Heinemann.
    92. Bion, W. R. (1965) Transformations. London: William Heinemann.
    93. Bion, W. R. (1970) Attention and Interpretation. London: Tavistock.
    94. Bion, W. R. (1985) All My Sins Remembered, ed. Francesca Bion. Adingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    95. Bird, B. (1972) Notes on transference. JAPA, 20.
    96. Blanck, G. & Blanck, R. (1974) Ego Psychology. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    97. Blatt, S. J. (1974) Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. PSOC, 29.
    98. Blau, A. (1955) A unitary hypothesis of emotion. PQ, 24.
    99. Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1951.
    100. Blos, P. (1954) Prolonged adolescence. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 24.
    101. Blos, P. (1962) On Adolescence. New York: Free Press.
    102. Blos, P. (1972) The epigenesia of the adult neurosis. 27.
    103. Blos, P. (1979) Modification in the traditional psychoanalytic theory of adolescent development. Adolescent Psychiat., 8.
    104. Blos, P. (1984) Son and father. JAPA_. 32.
    105. Blum, G. S. (1963) Prepuberty and adolescence, In Studies ed. R. E. Grinder. New York: McMillan.
    106. Blum, H. P. Symbolism. FMC. Forthcoming.
    107. Blum, H. P. (1976) Female Psychology. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    108. Blum, H. P. (1976) Masochism, the ego ideal and the psychology of women. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    109. Blum, H. P. (1980) The value of reconstruction in adult psychoanalysis. IJP, 61.
    110. Blum, H. P. (1981) Forbidden quest and the analytic ideal. PQ, 50.
    111. Blum, H. P. (1983) Defense and resistance. Foreword. JAFA, 31.
    112. Blum, H. P., Kramer, Y., Richards, A. K. & Richards, A. D., eds. (1988) Fantasy, Myth and Reality: Essays in Honor of Jacob A. Arlow. Madison, Conn.: Int. Univ. Press.
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